Fall Prevention and Safety

Falls and the injuries they can produce are of concern to everyone, but more so to older persons. Older people are more likely to have frail bones due to osteoporosis. In addition, people in their 80’s and older, lose much and body fat and with this the protective cushioning that it provides. For these folks falls increase the likelihood of fractures, especially in the wrist, spine, and hips. With planning and care many falls in and out of the home can be prevented.

Outdoor Safety Tips

• In rainy weather, use a cane or a walker. 
• Wear boots or shoes with rubber soles for good traction.
• Use care when walking in  public buildings, as many floors are made of surfaces such as marble or tile that are very slippery when wet.

Indoor Safety Tips

• Keep all rooms free from clutter on the floors.
• Keep floor surfaces smooth but not slippery.
• Wear supportive, low heeled shoes. Avoid walking around in socks or scuffs.
• Make sure that carpets and area rugs have skidproof backing or are tacked down
• Keep stairwells well lit and have handrails on both sides.
• Use a rubber mat in the tub or shower.
• Install grab bars on bathroom wall beside tubs, toilets, and showers.
• Keep a flashlight with fresh batteries beside your bed.
• Reorganize work areas and storage so that stooping and reaching is kept to a minimum.
•  If you live alone, arrange to have someone call you each day to check on your welfare.

Additional  Information.

Most falls occur at home. Falls frequently occur when a person trips while walking or gets up from a sitting position. Some medications can cause dizziness if a person gets up quickly. Vision also changes as you age. See your eye doctor regularly to make sure your prescription is right for you.

As a person ages, physical changes contribute to the frequency of falls. Reaction time slows and regaining balance after a sudden movement may be difficult. This contributes to a tendency for falls. To improve body control, stay physically active. This will help to maintain muscle tone and flexibility as well as slowing bone loss. Talk to your doctor about activities that are appropriate for you.

Adapted from National Osteoporosis Foundation

Barbara Smith, RN